A link extractor is an object that extracts links from responses.
The
__init__
method ofLxmlLinkExtractor
takes settings thatdetermine which links may be extracted. LxmlLinkExtractor.extract_links
returns alist of matching Link
objects from aResponse
object.Dec 10, 2019 It can inspect the contents of partially downloaded file and can also extract original download URL as well. With Ultra File Opener, you can copy original download URLs, resume or restart downloads. With the software you can open and view 500 different file types including images, documents, photos and more. URL Extractor extracts email addresses and URLs from files, the Web and through search engines. You can start from a single website and browse all the links inside looking emails or URL to extract and save all in HD user. You can also extract a single file or the entire contents of a folder on your HD at any nested level. URL Extractor is a standard Cocoa Document based application to extract URLs form your local disk or from the web using a series of user settings and data. A window can be saved on disk as a URL Extractor document with all the settings and data used for the extraction and reopened at later time. Jobertabma / relative-url-extractor. Watch 20 Star 461 Fork 81 A small tool that extracts relative URLs from a file. 461 stars 81 forks Star Watch Code. Right-click the image. Once you've found the image that you want to get the URL for, right-clicking it will prompt a drop-down menu to appear. If you're using a Mac with a one-button mouse, hold Ctrl and click the image to open the right-click menu.
Link extractors are used in
CrawlSpider
spidersthrough a set of Rule
objects.You can also use link extractors in regular spiders. For example, you can instantiate
LinkExtractor
into a classvariable in your spider, and use it from your spider callbacks:Link extractor reference¶
The link extractor class is
scrapy.linkextractors.lxmlhtml.LxmlLinkExtractor
. For convenience itcan also be imported as scrapy.linkextractors.LinkExtractor
:LxmlLinkExtractor¶
scrapy.linkextractors.lxmlhtml.
LxmlLinkExtractor
(allow=(), deny=(), allow_domains=(), deny_domains=(), deny_extensions=None, restrict_xpaths=(), restrict_css=(), tags='a', 'area', attrs='href', canonicalize=False, unique=True, process_value=None, strip=True)[source]¶LxmlLinkExtractor is the recommended link extractor with handy filteringoptions. It is implemented using lxml’s robust HTMLParser.
- allow (str or list) – a single regular expression (or list of regular expressions)that the (absolute) urls must match in order to be extracted. If notgiven (or empty), it will match all links.
- deny (str or list) – a single regular expression (or list of regular expressions)that the (absolute) urls must match in order to be excluded (i.e. notextracted). It has precedence over the
allow
parameter. If notgiven (or empty) it won’t exclude any links. - allow_domains (str or list) – a single value or a list of string containingdomains which will be considered for extracting the links
- deny_domains (str or list) – a single value or a list of strings containingdomains which won’t be considered for extracting the links
- deny_extensions (list) –a single value or list of strings containingextensions that should be ignored when extracting links.If not given, it will default to
scrapy.linkextractors.IGNORED_EXTENSIONS
.Changed in version 2.0:IGNORED_EXTENSIONS
now includes7z
,7zip
,apk
,bz2
,cdr
,dmg
,ico
,iso
,tar
,tar.gz
,webm
, andxz
. - restrict_xpaths (str or list) – is an XPath (or list of XPath’s) which definesregions inside the response where links should be extracted from.If given, only the text selected by those XPath will be scanned forlinks. See examples below.
- restrict_css (str or list) – a CSS selector (or list of selectors) which definesregions inside the response where links should be extracted from.Has the same behaviour as
restrict_xpaths
. - restrict_text (str or list) – a single regular expression (or list of regular expressions)that the link’s text must match in order to be extracted. If notgiven (or empty), it will match all links. If a list of regular expressions isgiven, the link will be extracted if it matches at least one.
- tags (str or list) – a tag or a list of tags to consider when extracting links.Defaults to
('a','area')
. - attrs (list) – an attribute or list of attributes which should be considered when lookingfor links to extract (only for those tags specified in the
tags
parameter). Defaults to('href',)
- canonicalize (bool) – canonicalize each extracted url (usingw3lib.url.canonicalize_url). Defaults to
False
.Note that canonicalize_url is meant for duplicate checking;it can change the URL visible at server side, so the response can bedifferent for requests with canonicalized and raw URLs. If you’reusing LinkExtractor to follow links it is more robust tokeep the defaultcanonicalize=False
. - unique (bool) – whether duplicate filtering should be applied to extractedlinks.
- process_value (collections.abc.Callable) –a function which receives each value extracted fromthe tag and attributes scanned and can modify the value and return anew one, or return
None
to ignore the link altogether. If notgiven,process_value
defaults tolambdax:x
.For example, to extract links from this code:You can use the following function inprocess_value
: - strip (bool) – whether to strip whitespaces from extracted attributes.According to HTML5 standard, leading and trailing whitespacesmust be stripped from
href
attributes of<a>
,<area>
and many other elements,src
attribute of<img>
,<iframe>
elements, etc., so LinkExtractor strips space chars by default.Setstrip=False
to turn it off (e.g. if you’re extracting urlsfrom elements or attributes which allow leading/trailing whitespaces).
extract_links
(response)[source]¶![Url extractor 4 70 + Url extractor 4 70 +](https://is2-ssl.mzstatic.com/image/thumb/Purple124/v4/0c/8f/11/0c8f1183-c30d-2b74-749f-899aa3ab3563/mzl.lxgsbldc.png/643x0w.png)
Returns a list of
Link
objects from thespecified response
.Only links that match the settings passed to the
__init__
method ofthe link extractor are returned.Duplicate links are omitted.
Link¶
scrapy.link.
Link
(url, text=', fragment=', nofollow=False)[source]¶Link objects represent an extracted link by the LinkExtractor.
Url Extractor 4 70 1/2
Using the anchor tag sample below to illustrate the parameters:
- url – the absolute url being linked to in the anchor tag.From the sample, this is
https://example.com/nofollow.html
. - text – the text in the anchor tag. From the sample, this is
Dontfollowthisone
. - fragment – the part of the url after the hash symbol. From the sample, this is
foo
. - nofollow – an indication of the presence or absence of a nofollow value in the
rel
attributeof the anchor tag.
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